Management Theory Timeline Sample Essay

This essay sample on Management Theory Timeline Sample Essay for Singapore students. We will discuss the 1880 – Scientific Management, 1932 – The Hawthorne Studies, 1946 – Organization Development, 1949 – Sociotechnical Systems Theory, 1954 – Hierarchy of Needs, 1959 – Hygiene and Motivational Factors, 1960 – Theory X and Theory Y, 1964 – Management Grid, 1978 – Performance Technology, 1990 – Learning Organization, 2009 – Drive Theory (Motivation), etc.

In this essay example, we can see how a Management Theory timeline is put into practice. Singapore students who want to download the custom-made essays should approach our experts for help with their school needs and college requirements!

Introduction- Management Theory Timeline Sample Essay 

In this sample essay, we shall be discussing the topic of “Management Theory Timeline”. We will be looking at the different management theories developed throughout history. Plus, we shall also be discussing each of the theories in brief. Consequently, an image of the timeline should be clear.

Main body- Management Theory Timeline Sample Essay 

In addition to this, this is an important topic for the students of management. Thus, we shall be providing all the necessary information related to the topic. In fact, Singapore students can read several other sample essays related to our website. Plus we also provide assignment help for students in Singapore.

Moving on, these are, as mentioned below:

1880 – Scientific Management

Scientific Management theory was developed by Frederick Taylor. He devised this theory when he noticed that workers in his factory were working less than their capacity.

Moreover, F. Taylor provides managers a higher status. In contrast, the worker’s role is negated. In addition to this, the theory also mentions that its the responsibility of managers to devise a plan and it is the worker’s responsibility to implement it.

1932 – The Hawthorne Studies

The behavioral assumptions of scientific management theory were first questioned by Elton Mayo. He further analyzed and termed it into Hawthorne studies(named after the location where the research took place).

The original purpose of Hawthorne studies was to analyze and study the effect of different aspects like lighting, work environment, break time, and so on. However, Mayo found that the human factors are more important them physical conditions regarding motivation and productivity. However

1946 – Organization Development

Kurt Lewin is considered to be the father of organizational development. Reason being that the social scientist contributed hugely to several studies. For instance, the change theory, action research, as well as action learning.

In fact, Lewin is best known for his contribution to Group dynamics and organizational development. Moreover, this can be applied to several levels of an organization. It includes the group, intergroup, and total organization. In addition to this, it also helps the organization bring desired change in its infrastructure.

1949 – Sociotechnical Systems Theory

The coal mine of South Yorkshire was studied by a research group. This study was carried out by a group from Tavistock Institute of Human relations  London led by Eric Trist. Consequently,  the Sociotechnical systems theory was established.

Moreover, it concerns both social as well as technical aspects while creating a job or rather designing the jobs. The theory is divided into four parts or subsystems. These are

• Environment
• Organizational
• Social
• Technical

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1954 – Hierarchy of Needs

Maslow’s theory says that employees prioritize their life achievement. We may say that this theory talks about job satisfaction as well as the employees’ needs. Moreover, it also concerns with basic biological, psychological, social, as well as physical needs.

Furthermore, Maslow devised five “Needs”. These are, as mentioned below in order of decreasing priority:

• Psychological
• Self-esteem
• Social
• Safety or security
• The self-actualization
• Self-esteem

1959 – Hygiene and Motivational Factors

In the year, 1959 Frederick Herzberg devised a number of factors that are highly affected by the previous theory i.e. Hierarchy of Needs. However, this theory is more concerned with the work rather than the employee.

As the name suggests, theory talks about the hygiene standards for employees in relation to motivation. It says that Hygiene factors must be maintained in a job before using motivational factors for stimuli.

1960 – Theory X and Theory Y

Douglas McGregor who is considered to be one of the forefathers of management theories devised the “Theory X and Theory Y” in the year 1960. It concerns personnel policies and practice’s design and implementation.

Here, Theory X provides assumptions on the role of management in coercing and controlling workers. Whereas, Theory Y discusses managers’ part in the development of the workers’ potential as well as directing them towards a common aim.

1964 – Management Grid

This model was established by the combined efforts of Robert Blake and Jane Mouton. This model concerns management style as well as relations. In addition to this, the “grid” takes to use of one to axes. Namely: “Concern for employe” on the vertical axis whereas the “concern for task” is on the horizontal axis.

Moreover, one can say that defining the managerial behavior using just two dimensions reflects simplicity.

1978 – Performance Technology

Tom Gilbert put forward the theory of performance technology in his work”Human Competence: Engineering Worthy Performance”. It mainly talks about the behavioral engineering model acts as the base for this theory.

Moreover, Gilbert also mentioned that the only rational way to describe requirements of performance is through accomplishment specifications. In fact, accomplishments are considered the best initiative for creating performance standards.

1990 – Learning Organization

Peter Senge devised the concept of “Learning organization”. Here, he defines organizations in form of an organism that has the power to improve its functions and thus create its own future.

Moreover, a “learning organization”  refers to any organizational entity that recognizes itself to be a complex and organic system or “organism” with a vision for the future as well as a purpose to work towards. In addition to this, he also provided five disciplines that an organization needs to follow to create a “learning organization”.

These are:

• Systematic Thinking
• Personal Mastery
• Mental Models
• Shared Vision
• Team Learning

2009 – Drive Theory (Motivation)

Lastly, the latest theory in the timeline of organization theory is the “Drive theory”. The term drive there refers to the motive or purpose that makes a person act in a certain way or motivation in simpler terms.

Nevertheless, the concept of this theory has been around since the 1900s. However, it was ward L. Deci and Daniel Pink who brought this concept to light. It was published in their book “Drive: The Surprising Truth About What Motivates Us“.

Moreover, as per the theory motivation can be divided into three sections. These are, as mentioned below:

• autonomy
• mastery
• purpose

Conclusion:

The management theory timeline is a good way to see how the field of management has developed over time. It can help you understand what other managers have done in the past and how they might inspire your own decisions as a manager today. In this essay, we will explore some of these key stages from the development of modern organizations—from 1800s Europe through present-day America.

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