Research Methodology
The research methodology is a section in a research paper that consists of information about the techniques which you will utilize for performing research. Students often face issues in writing the research methodology section for the research paper. In this article, our research paper writing professionals are providing complete guidelines about How to write a research methodology.
Research Methodology: Definition
The research methodology is a process that includes identification, selection, and analysis of information about the topic. It is a tool utilized for accomplishing desired objectives. In the research methodology section of the research paper you need to explain the procedure which you execute for performing research. The selection of research methodology is very much crucial as this factor has a significant influence on research results. It is the research methodology section that enables the reader to ensure the reliability and validity of your study. The elements which you should include while writing the research methodology section of research are:
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- Type of research you are performing
- Techniques you will use for data collections
- The method that you will apply for data analysis
- Reason for selection of specific method
Note: You need to write the research methodology section in the past tense.
Writing the research methodology section
The 4 step process of writing the research methodology section includes
Step 1: Explaining the research methodological approach
At the beginning of writing the research methodology section you need to first define the approach you will use for performing research. You also need to write the problem for which you will undertake the study. At this step, it is very much important for you to provide a proper explanation of the type of information you intend to gather for answering research questions. The different types of methods which you can utilize for gathering and analyzing information these are:
a) Quantitative methods: Such types of methodology you can use for measuring, categorizing, making generalizations, and identifying patterns.
b) Qualitative method: These types of research methods are more suitable for providing description, interpretation, and contextualization of concepts. The qualitative research method will enable you to develop an in-depth understanding of the topic.
c) Mixed methods: You can combine both qualitative and quantitative methods for performing an investigation. Mixed methods enable you to explore hidden facts.
You need to make a selection of methods based on the type of investigation you are performing. You should start writing your research methodology by discussing the reason for selecting a specific technique. It is also very crucial for you to clearly state the assumption which you have made while making the choice of methodology for research. Before making the final selection of research methods you should consider the following such as:
- Do you aim to identify theoretical or practical research problems?
- Why a specific approach is appropriate for answering research questions?
- Is a particular approach is relevant to the field of your study?
- Whether you have made ethical considerations or not?
- What criterion you will utilize for ensuring the reliability and validity of research?
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About Quantitative experimental study, you may intend to gain general knowledge about the reason for the occurrence of a particular phenomenon. Proper selection of samples and having a high level of control on variables is very much crucial for obtaining valid research results.
In the context of Qualitative ethnography research, you may intend to gain contextualize knowledge about the real world. You can perform such type of research for analyzing the behavior, social structure, etc. When writing the research methodology section in Quantitative ethnography research you require you to reflect on your position. It is very much important for you to understand that your activities and perception can influence the research outcomes.
Step 2: Describe the methodology of data collection
After providing the introduction of the research approach which you will utilize you need to provide a complete detail about research methods that you will use for performing the study. At this step, you must highlight the tools, processes, and material that you will utilize for accumulating facts and making the selection of participants. The different methods which you can utilize for performing research are:
Quantitative methods
The 3 different methods which you can utilize for performing research are:
1. Survey
You need to provide describing where, when, and how the survey will be performed. Before performing the investigation you should make a proper plan. The plan which you will formulate should address the following:
- How would you design the research questions? What types of questions you are going to include in the questionnaire form?
- What technique you will utilize for a selection of participants?
- Which survey method such as phone, mail you will use for the collection of facts? How much time you will provide participants for giving responses?
You can use the questionnaire in an appendix, as this activity of yours will help the reader in addressing the techniques which are utilized for the collection of data.
2. Experiments
If you are performing experiments then you need to provide complete details about how you have experimented. Before beginning the experiments you need to consider the following such as:
- How you will design an experiment?
- What techniques you will use for recruiting participants?
- How would you manipulate and measure the variables of study?
- What tools you will utilize for performing investigations?
If in case you are performing experimental research, then you need to provide detailed information about experiments so that researcher can reproduce results.
3. Existing data
You should explain how you will collect material for analyzing information. Before beginning to perform data analysis you need to consider the following such as:
- Where you have gathered information?
- How you will produce data?
- What criterion you will utilize for a selection of material?
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Example of Quantitative method
An investigation performs for analyzing the impact of digitalization on business profits. A Questionnaire is a technique that the researcher will utilize for the collection of facts. An investigator will utilize for performing an investigation. A researcher will utilize a random sampling technique for selecting the participants. Investigator will select a manager for the collection of information related to the topic. The researcher will provide participants sufficient time for answering research questions. After collection of the data and an investigator will analyze the facts. SPSS is the technique that the researcher will utilize for analyzing data.
Qualitative methods
The 3 types of qualitative methods that you can use for the collection of facts are interview, observation, existing data.
1. Interview
If you are using the interview research method for collection of information then you need to provide detail about when, where, and how to interview you will perform. It is also very much important for you to describe the following:
- How you will find and select participants?
- Number of participants you will include in your study
- The time duration of the interview
- Whether structure and semi-structured interviews will you use for data collection.
2. Participants’ observations
In case you are utilizing the observation technique then you need to provide detail about when, where, and how observation will be done. Before applying the observation technique you need to determine following such as:
- Identify a group of community you will observe
- The time you would invest in observing participants.
- How the data will be recorded?
3. Existing data
You need to explain the criterion you will use for the selection of case study material. It is also very crucial for you to clearly state what technique you will utilize for analyzing information.
Example of Qualitative method
An investigation performs for gathering information about the effect of digitalization on the growth of an organization. An interview technique researcher will use for collecting the information about topic. Employees working in an enterprise will be selected as participants in research using a random sampling technique. The researcher will utilize note-taking techniques for recording of answers. An investigator will utilize the thematic analysis technique for analyzing the facts.
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Step 3. Research method for data analysis
- The qualitative data analysis method
In the context of qualitative studies, you need to perform the analysis of facts based on images, languages, and observations. The 3 different techniques which you can utilize for performing data analysis are:
- Content analysis
In the content analysis technique you need to categorize and have a discussion related to the meaning of sentences, phrases, and words.
- Thematic analysis
In this type of method you need to analyze the pattern of responses provided by participants.
- Discourse analysis
Here you need to study communication and meaning in the context of social context.
- Quantitative data analysis
It is considered one of the best techniques for analyzing the numbers. Here, you will need to provide detail about the software which you will utilize for analyzing the quantitative data. A few software which you can use for analyzing the quantitative data in SPSS, spreadsheet, etc.
Step 4: Evaluation and justification of methodological choices
At this step of writing the research methodology section, you need to provide good reasons for making the selection of a particular technique for performing research. You are required to clearly state the reasons why another methodology is not suitable for undertaking study. At this step, you can provide the strengths and limitations of the study.
Example: The main limitation of the interview technique is that you can’t college information from a large number of people. But the strength of interview research method is that it helps you in getting quick response.
Conclusion
From the above article, it has been concluded that choosing appropriate research methodology is very much essential for generating correct outcomes. Other facts which have been found that appropriate research methods help in accomplishing desired objectives’
