Development of Psychology Reflection

Change is inevitable. Humans grow throughout life from birth to death. Psychologists study to understand why and how an individual changes throughout his life span. Students studying psychology in Singapore universities are asked to write reflective essays on psychology topics. The below provided is the development psychology reflection essay that will focus on various theories. I hope this article will help students in doing cognitive psychology assignments and homework.

Understanding developmental psychology

Developmental psychology focuses on how an individual grows and changes over
his lifetime.
A developmental psychologist can work with all age groups or in a particular group such as old age, adolescence, or childhood. Various issues that developmental psychologist studies involve

• Cognitive development
• Moral reasoning
• Personality development
• Learning disabilities and development challenges
• Motor skill and emotional development

Developmental psychology theories

Developmental psychologists utilize various theories to analyze several aspects of human development. Let’s indulge in various theories proposed by psychologists.

Kohlberg theory of moral development

Lawrence Kohlberg gave six developmental stages of moral development. Through this, the psychologist denoted that for building cognitive development, moral thinking is essential.

He gave three levels of moral reasoning.
Level 1 preconventional
At this level moral development is studied in young children. It involves two stages.Stage 1 is punishment and obedience orientation whereas, stage 2 is self-interest orientation.
Level 2 conventional
Here, morality is studied in adolescents and adults.Stage 3 denotes good interpersonal relationships. Stage 4 focuses on maintaining
the law order.
Level 3 post-conventional
At this level, morality is found in adults only.Stage 5 focuses on individual and social rights. Whereas stage 6 involves universal ethical principles.

Kubler Ross stages of dying

Dr. Kubler Ross described 5 stages of dying in her book.The five stages of dying are DABDA

• Denial
• Anger
• Bargaining
• Depression
• Acceptance

An individual goes through these stages when he gets to know that he is about to die.Firstly he is in denial mode and does not accept his illness. The next stage of anger begins where he ill-treats doctors, families, and Society.The feeling of why I made him raise his voice and cry followed bargaining.The ill patient tries to bargain with God and believe in some magical things to happen.Now when a patient can feel many losses, he slips into depression. After mourning for losses, he finally accepts his death to happen.

Model of adaptive grieving dynamics (MAGD)

According to this model, there are four kinds of grieving responses that are interconnected to each other. Martin and Doka proposed a new theory of adult bereavement.In this, the author proposed the grieving life experiences of a griever. Henk and Margaret proposed the dual-process model to cope with bereavement. They brought the concept of two types of stressors.

• Restoration oriented stressors
• Loss oriented stressors
  The loss orientation focuses on the dead person's loss and our relationships with him. In Restoration orientation, the focus is on secondary sources of pain. The griever will oscillate between confronting the loss and avoiding it.

Overview

So far, we have studied various theories proposed under developmental psychology. Every model and theory faced many criticisms as well.
Many psychologists since the 19th century proposed several models and approaches to grief and dying stages.Students still study these psychological theories.The early theories of grief are becoming unpopular as they are too rigid. New models are accepted because they focus on every age group and dimensions. Psychologists must recognize the challenges that the family face while coping with loss.

Conclusion

From the above reflection on developmental psychology, we can learn about various theories. Receiving a diagnosis from a psychologist can be frightening. A caretaker must spend time learning about available treatments and diagnoses. The theories of developmental psychology help professionals in spotting the problem and providing possible interventions for better results. Recognizing problems in the early stages can prevent depression, frustration, anger, and low self-esteem. These professionals spend maximum time observing and investigating how a patient undergoes physical, emotional, and social changes.

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